A Research Project On Colon Cancer - 1470 Words

Research Project Outcome Colon cancer claims the lives of 12 Australians each day and is the second largest cancer killer (1). Colon cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer in the Australian population after the age of 50. It is essential that Australian men and women are aware of the aggressiveness and severity of the disease (2) and the primary preventative methods. The Indigenous Australian population, in comparison to the non-indigenous population, have a higher prevalence of the disease and experience higher mortality rates (3). Due to the lack of medical resources and awareness, men and women living in rural areas have an increased risk of developing colon cancer (4). For these reasons, I have decided to conduct an investigation on the significance, the primary preventative methods and the impact they can have on the health and awareness of the Australian population. I conducted my initial research by investigating the internet and books, both of which encompassed the anatomy of the stomach and allowed me to gather a greater understanding of Colon Cancer. Bowel cancer is a malignant growth that develops most commonly in the lining of the large bowel. The vast majority of bowel cancers develop from growths called polyps . Not all polyps become cancerous. The larger that a polyp grows, the more likely it is to become malignant (cancerous). Polyps can be easily re moved without surgery by a procedure called a colonoscopy (inspection of the bowel with aShow MoreRelatedIntroduction to Oncology Care Program Essay example1220 Words   |  5 PagesAnnual Report of the Oncology Care Program Course Project HIT 225 April 17, 2011 ? Introduction to Oncology Care Program Cancer is a group of diseases that affect nearly every tissue or organ in the human body, and is the second leading cause of death in the United States. In 2007, lung cancer was the leading cause of death among males and females in Marin County, California (Marin Health Human Services, 2007). Located in Marin County, Sunshine Hospital is a 235-bed teaching facilityRead MoreThe Benefits Of Oleuropein, A Diet Rich On The Compound1576 Words   |  7 Pagespeanuts. In plants resveratrol works by protecting against bacterial and fungal attacks (Naylor-Dirks, 2009). The compound is associated with numerous health benefits in animals and humans including defense against cardiovascular disease, many types of cancers, diabetes, and improves life span. It is believed that the resveratrol in red wine helps explain the â€Å"French Paradox†- the rates of cardiovascular disease in France are pretty low considering the diet that is usually high in fat (Tennen, 2012). ScientistsRead More Childhood Obesity : A Global Epidemic1474 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom 6% in 1973 to 31% in 2009 (3). In children, obesity is defined as a child’s height and weight being at or over the 95th percentile (1). Childhood obesity can lead to a large amount of adverse consequences, including: low self-esteem, asthma, cancer, premature mortality, and type 2 diabetes (3). Once thought to be a disease that only affected adults who were overweight or obese a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has become increasingly common in school-age children (3). In the past, school-age childrenRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Cancer1303 Words   |  6 Pages Cancer, also known as malignant neoplasm, the hallmark characteristic involves uncontrolled proliferation of cells. Under normal conditions cell grow, divide and die, but in cancer cells the defect takes place at the gene level leading to the formation of an abnormal DNA. As genes are the basic control machines of the cell, alteration of any kind may bring devastating consequences, or malignancy. Moreover, in normal cells damage of any kind is taken care by the repair system but in cancer cellsRead MoreFamily Psychology : Are A Proper Tool Be Used947 Words   |  4 Pagesdown to every generation is cancer the main one in particular is colon cancer. My father-developed cancer before I was born and went into remission and as a child the cancer came back. He went back into remission and the cancer made it was back once again and my father died from it at the age of 53. At the same time this was going my brother started to have issues and that ran test and found out he had the pre-cancer polyps and the doctors have to remove half of his colon for prevention measures. ThisRead MoreThe First Case Of Hiv ( Human Immunodeficiency Virus )1508 Words   |  7 Pageslife expectancy of people who live with HIV/AIDS. Cancer effects millions of people around the world, it is said that 1 in 2 of people in the UK will be diagnosed with cancer at some point in their lifetime. The rate of people living with cancer is increasing at around 3% a year, but the number of people alive after 5 years since being diagnosed is expected to double between 2010 to 2030. This is down to the huge amount of work done for cancer research and the advances made in therapy and treatmentRead MoreThe Purpose of a Cancer Registry1149 Words   |  5 Pagesis the purpose of a cancer registry? What does a Cancer Registrar do? In this paper I will highlight the aspects of what a cancer registry is, what it entails and what a cancer registrar’s workflow consists of. I had the opportunity to complete my field study at AMG Long Term Acute Care Hospital which is located on the 8th floor in the North tower of IU Ball Memorial Hospital. While at AMG I had the chance to see firsthand how both AMG and IU Ball Memorial handle th eir cancer registry and learn whatRead More Human Genome Project Essay3161 Words   |  13 PagesHuman Genome Project Essay The Human Genome Initiative is a worldwide research effort that has the goal of analyzing the sequence of human DNA and determining the location of all human genes. Begun in 1990, the U.S. Human Genome project was originally planned to last 15 years but now is projected to be complete in 13 years. This project was started to find the 80,000 - 100,000 human genes and to determine the sequence of the 3 - billion chemical bases that make up human DNA. The information generatedRead MoreThe Human Genome Project?1023 Words   |  5 Pages The Human Genome Project Today we are learning the language in which God created life . . . humankind is on the verge of gaining immense new power to heal. Genome science will have a real impact on all our lives, and even more on the lives of our children. It will revolutionise the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of most, if not all, human diseases. - Bill Clinton, June 2002. The Human Genome Project came into existence in the late 1980 s as scientistRead MoreEssay On 20 Years Of Advancement In Healthcare Science1109 Words   |  5 Pagestreatments lowering the prevalence of diseases. The first significant advancement discussed in this essay is The Human Genome Project (HGP), an international collaborative research program whose goal was to sequence and map all of the genes (known as the genome) contained within humans. This project has revolutionised the biomedical field and has already inspired further projects. Several techniques were used to achieve this including: †¢ DNA sequencing, used to determine the order of the nucleotide

Wilfred Owen - “Anthem for Doomed Youth, Dulce Et Decorum...

Wilfred Owen’s poetry has expressed his outrage of war and the sheer pity of the pointless sacrifices of young soldiers made in battle. The patriotic view of war and religion are questioned repeatedly in his poems. He also ponders the purpose for the existence of the human race. Techniques such as juxtaposition, similes and metaphors are also employed into the poems of â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth, Dulce et Decorum et Est and Futility† to create the atmosphere needed for each poem. This atmosphere creates various emotions especially to emphasize the horrific outcomes of war. â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† is a dramatic and descriptive poem, detailing the event in the perspective of Owen’s experiences. The patriotic view that fighting for one’s†¦show more content†¦The idea of hope is first portrayed with the comrade’s faith that his friend can be revived if he is moved into the sun. The attempt in reviving the dead soldier is soon realized to be hopeless and that his body is a â€Å"cold star† and not even the gentle touches of the sun could awake him. Owen juxtaposes the warm fields back home with the harsh battlefields of France. The purpose of this was to demonstrate that the sun had awoken his friend before from his sleep but was unable to awaken him from this sleep. He questions his comrades death and asks several rhetorical questions, one of which said â€Å"was it for this the clay grew tall?† This question conveys a powerful meaning, and Owen’s curiosity of the existence of humans. He points out the pointlessness of war and symbolically shows this by describing a young man as â€Å"the clays of a cold star†. â€Å"Anthem for doomed Youth† is another poem written by Wilfred Owen, describing the horrors of war and the aftermath it causes on the soldier’s most loved ones. This is the issue that is represented of war in this poem. The word doomed in the title, highlights the fact that the soldier’s fate was to perish on the battlefield. Owen describes the pointlessness of war as the young men â€Å"die as cattle†. The first stanza uses a large amount of descriptive language and techniques highlighting the action on the frontline. â€Å"Rifles rapid rattle† is alliteration that is used toShow MoreRelatedFutility, Anthem For Doomed Youth, Dulce et decorum est and Mental cases by Wilfred Owens944 Words   |  4 PagesFutility, Anthem For Doomed Youth, Dulce et decorum est and Mental cases by Wilfred Owens â€Å"Above all I am not concerned with Poetry. My subject is War, and the pity of War. The poetry is in the pity†¦ All a poet can do today is warn. That is why true Poets must be truthful.† - Wilfred Owen, quoted in Voices In wartime, The Movie Wilfred Owen was born in 1893 and killed in 1918. At Twenty-Five years of age, he was the greatest poet of the First World War. He wrote many Read MoreA comparison of poems by Wilfred Owen â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† and â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† Wilfred800 Words   |  4 Pagescomparison of poems by Wilfred Owen â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† and â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† Wilfred Owen fought in the ww1. He enrolled into army at an early age which was probably influenced by the government’s enticing and false advertising. However in the trenches Owen soon discovered the reality of war and how horrific the war was. At first he started to take notes about the conditions. Then later in a military hospital he edited and turned these notes into poetry. â€Å"Dulce et Decorum Est† is a Latin sayingRead MoreWilfred Life Of Wilfred Owen914 Words   |  4 PagesWilfred Owen Poetry Wilfred Edward Salter Owen was an English poet and soldier, whose renowned compositions were distinguished in their delivery of a tenacious condemnation of the First World War. Born, 18 March 1893 in Oswestry, Shropshire, Owen commenced his poetic endeavours through his adolescence, and after having completed his schooling, soon became a teaching assistant and aspired for vocational pursuits. However, these were soon disparaged with the eminence of the Fist World War, and inRead More Poetic Techniques of Wilfred Owen Essay1511 Words   |  7 PagesWilfred Owen can be considered as one of the finest war poets of all times. His war poems, a collection of works composed between January 1917, when he was first sent to the Western Front, and November 1918, when he was killed in action, use a variety of poetic techniques to allow the reader to empathise with his world, situation, emotions and thoughts. The sonnet form, para-rhymes, ironic titles, voice, and various imagery used by Owen gr asp the prominent central idea of the complete futility ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Wilfred Owen s Anthem For Doomed Youth And Dulce Et Decorum Est1224 Words   |  5 Pagesa time afterwards. Wilfred Owen was a poet who became well renowned after World War I where he unfortunately died in battle. Anthem for Doomed Youth (Anthem) and Dulce Et Decorum Est (Dulce) by Wilfred Owen both portray various themes including horrors of war, the futility of war and the pity and sadness of war. War is full of horrendous acts that every side of war commits, even if it is for their own reasons which to them seem honourable, but Owen tells a different story. Dulce depicts the many terrorsRead MoreCulce Et Decorum Est and Anthem of the Doomed814 Words   |  3 PagesPoetry throughout the ages has influenced change in society and given voice to controversial topics. Wilfred Owen influenced his nation and became a powerful and significant agent of change through his literature as he demonstrated throughout his poetry how war is not something to be glorified yet is a horrific injustice suffered by many. By analysing Dulce Et Decorum Est and Anthem Of The Doomed it can be said that Owen’s significant message is to confront the idea of glorifying war and the patrioticRead MoreHow Wilfred Owen Uses Language and Imagery in His Poetry to Communicate his Attitudes of War627 Words   |  3 PagesHow Wilfred Owen Uses Language and Imagery in His Poetry to Communicate his Attitude s of War Wilfred Owen was concerned to emphasise the hardships and trials of the soldiers who fought in the First World War. Wilfred Owen, who died subsequently after receiving mortal wounds while in combat in the war, had some strong viewpoints and messages about war which he tried to convey through his poetry. He had three main viewpoints which included most or all of his feelings. TheseRead MoreWilfred Owen Poetry799 Words   |  3 PagesPoetry is a form of writing that can be used to convey very strong emotions and ideas to the reader, this can be seen in the works of famous poet Wilfred Owen, Owen is the most well-known English trench warfare poet who fought in World War I. His military career began in 1915, when he enlisted himself in the Artists Rifle group and soon became a second lieutenant, like many young men he was ready to fight and die for his country. In 1917 he was wounded in battle and was diagnosed with shell shock;Read MoreEssay on How do the later war poets differ in their treatment of war970 Words   |  4 PagesI, the poems that were produced had a very patriotic and glorious view to them. As the war progressed, the poems became more bitter as the true extent of what was really going on, was unveiled. Some of the poets we will be looking at include Wilfred Owen and Laurence Binyon. For early war poetry, we have studied four poems. These are: The Soldier, Rendezvous, For the Fallen, and Fall-In. The poets who wrote these poems are: Laurence Binyon, Rupert Brooke, Alan Seeger and Harold BegbieRead MoreWilfred Owen Techniques1135 Words   |  5 PagesWilfred Owens war poetry Good morning/afternoon teacher and peers, Wilfred Owen was born in 1893 in Oswestry (United Kingdom). He wanted to be a poet from the age of nineteen although most of his famous work is that which he wrote in his years spent in the war where he died in 1918. The preface to Owens poetry read: â€Å"This book is not about heroes. English poetry is not yet fit to speak of them. Nor is it about deeds, or lands, nor anything about glory, honour, might, majesty, dominion

Government and Monopolies-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Explain how and why Governments may want to regulate the Price setting of a natural Monopoly. Answer: Introduction Monopoly market structure operates as the sole supplier in the market(Arnold, 2015). They enjoy a large number of customers raising their product demand. They operate in a closed market, which other sellers are not able to enter the market and as a result, there is no competition in the market. The best way to analyse the market is to identify the market strengths and ability to influence supply and demand in the market. The government has a role of controlling monopoly prices. This is because market forces such as competition do not affect them(Behravesh, 2014). Therefore, the government response in controlling monopolies is important by setting policies for monopolies. Customers are citizens who require the government protection and thus require protection from monopoly exploitation. From an economics perspective, the issue of monopoly goes hand in hand with the issue of pricing of products. Monopolies make prices for their products and thus the customers lack the freedom of negotiating prices(Burda, July 25, 2017). Additionally, there is the issue of influencing product demand and supply of products. They are the sole producers and thus through their production decisions determine how much of a product they will take to the market. Therefore monopolies unless controlled by the government, they are capable of exploiting their customers. Diagram illustrating how monopolies increase prices for commodities Explanation Point E represents the market equilibrium point before introduction of a price controlling measure such as taxes. The firm out is represented by OX while the price is OP.the firm earns profit represented by AB. However when the government introduces taxes, the average cost (AC) increases to AC1. The introduction of taxes raises the cost of production for monopoly firms. Consequently, the firm raises product prices in the market to recover added costs. The result is that the government should intervene to ensure maintenance of prices at equilibrium point(Flynn, 2011). Monopoly market This are markets formed by a sole supplier of a particular commodity. The commodities dealt with have characteristics that make them difficult for other sellers to enter the market. The characteristics are such as private ownership of rights to sell the products. Other monopolies formed by government policies, which allow to sole product sellers. These products are such as weapons and other items concerned with national security. Barriers of entry to market also creates monopolies. This includes such as high legal fees to enter a market, which other sellers cannot afford. Monopolies are thus a result of inability of other sellers lacking the power or resources to enter a market(Flynn, 2011). Furthermore, monopolies lack competition in their markets(Jones, 2017). Their market due to the barriers to entry for other sellers lack competition. Competition resulting from other sellers dealing with similar goods lacks in the monopoly structure. Lack of competition causes monopolies to operate freely as there are no peers to compare operations or to take advantage of their market failures. This is a great advantage for monopolies due to the ability of doing what they want in the market without competition. In addition to that, monopolies are price makers. This means that they have the freedom of taking products to the market at the prices they deem profitable(Lee Coppock, 2017). This separates them from other markets such as perfect competition, which are price takers. This refers to pricing of products based on the prices that the customers want to buy. Monopolies enjoy the freedom of setting any price for their products, which they feel, will cover fully for their variable costs and earn profit from sales. There is however, a tendency of monopolies setting very high prices to make exaggerated profits from sales. This act oppresses customers, as they have to pay too much for a product, which is usually more than the products utility. Monopolies require legislators to come up with policies that control the prices to stop high pricing. They are also able to practice price discrimination for their products. This is the sale of their products at different prices depending on the customers in a market or market trends. They sell large quantities of products at low costs in elastic markets and sell at high prices in inelastic markets. This they are able to do because of the free operation in the market. Monopolies enjoy large economies of scale in the market unlike other markets such as perfect competition (Miller, 2017). This is the reduction in unit costs with increase in volume of production. This makes it difficult for competitors to enter the market due to high initial fixed costs and low unit costs. Competitors mostly are unable to raise the high initial fixed costs to enter the market. This is a benefit to a monopoly because they remain as the sole sellers in a market. There is also the ability of the monopoly to sell at very low prices compared to prices charged by entering new monopolies. These low pricing results to the new sellers not selling their products in the market as they charge high prices. The result is that they get out of the market leaving the monopoly as the sole seller in the market. They are able to price less because of the reduced unit costs for products with increase in quantity. Monopolies enjoy this advantage which enables them operate as going concern s for many years and earn super profits from their activities Explanation The firm maximises profits at the point where MR=MC and the equilibrium point where Pm intersects Om. The market demand curve is similar to the firm demand curve. The firm makes super profits because AR is greater than AC(Behravesh, 2014). Why governments regulate prices for a natural monopoly The government as the policy maker has a duty of regulating the prices of monopolies(Mankiw, 2017). Monopolies operate in an environment, which lacks the normal market forces to regulate activities. The forces of demand and supply regulate other markets operations but does not apply in monopolies. Demand for products in the market regulates how much of a product the sellers will bring to the market. When demand is high, then the sellers bring high quantities to the market to satisfy demand. On the other hand, when the demand is low, they supply less of the product to match low demand levels. This forces do not affect a monopoly because they have the freedom to choose how much of a product to sell in the market. They could choose to supply less products to the market when the demand is high. This results to the increase in the price for their products. The government thus has a role of setting prices for monopolies to prevent this activity. When the government sets the prices, monopol ies desist from supplying low when demand is high to collect high revenues through high prices. Furthermore, the government regulates prices to prevent barrier of entry to market caused by monopoly price strategies(Margaret Ray, 2015). Monopolies due to reduced unit costs have the ability to charge very low prices for their products. This is causes difficulty to sellers wanting to enter a monopoly market as they lack ability to charge low prices. New entrants incur very high start-up fixed costs, which results to them charging high for their products. The prices are higher than what existing monopolies charge with their low unit production costs. Customers therefore buy more products from the existing monopolies and not from the new monopolies. The new monopolies lack sales to raise revenues to cover their costs ending up with huge losses. They thus result to shutting down operations. The government should protect such harmful activities by regulating monopoly prices. When a maximum price is set, all monopolies new and existing get a uniform forum for pricing their products. Th ey are able to sell in the market without harmful competition from the existing monopoly. They thus make sales revenues, which cover costs and prevent losses and as a result, they do not get out of market. Price regulation is very important in the growth of economies markets by protecting infant companies from unethical pricing strategies in competition. Moreover, the government can regulate prices due to having ownership in the monopolies(McConnell, 2014). The government owns monopolies through buying more than half of the shares or sale of products. The government owned monopolies deal with products that are important to the citizens of the nation. Products such as postal services and utilities like water and electricity supply is by the government monopolies. The reason for government to supply these utilities is due to their high costs of operations and the need to protect citizens from oppression. Some utilities like water require equity in supply and thus the government takes part in the supply to ensure all citizens access water service. The government being the owner of these monopolies regulates the prices of commodities dealt with. Prices control ensures that all citizens afford the prices for utilities. When charged highly, the citizens find it unfair because not all are able to afford the products. These results to unfair ness in the distribution of utilities and thus the government should regulate the prices for these monopolies. In addition to that, the government regulates prices for monopolies to ensure that products are affordable to all citizens(Tyler Cowen, 2014). The government has a role of ensuring that citizens do not pay exaggerated prices for products. When products sell for high prices, the opportunity cost for citizens increases and they end up buying less commodities in the market. The government reduces prices for monopolies products to reduce opportunity cost for citizens and ensure that they do not spend a lot of income buying products. The government also regulates prices to prevent monopolies from earning exaggerated profits. Prices set by the government ensure that they do not make unnecessary profits from sales revenues, which is unethical. How government regulates natural monopoly prices The government to ensure that the prices for natural monopolies is controlled, various steps are used. The steps are used each according to the need price problem that the government wants to regulate. Economic planners develop price regulatory steps. They try to come up with a solution that benefits the market at large. Their main aim however is to ensure that monopolies do not exploit customers with high prices. The policies set usually aim at reducing the ability of monopolies to earn exaggerated incomes. Steps such as setting price ceiling regulate monopoly prices(O'Sullivan, 2005). This refers to the government setting a maximum price for a product in the market. The law states that the product does not sell at a higher price than this maximum limit. This enables the customers to buy a product at affordable price, which is usually at the set maximum price or less. This limit is important as it ensures that the monopolies do not exploit their customers. The price limit is usually set at a point where the monopoly covers its costs from the price and earn reasonable profits. Furthermore, the government can control prices through giving subsidies to the monopoly(Paul Krugman, 2015). Subsidies are grants to a company from the government to reduce the expenses they incur. The company as a result charges lower prices for their good compared to when the government did not grant subsidies. This is because the company does not need to charge very high prices to recover costs from sales. The result is that the company is able to sell products at affordable prices to their customers. Moreover there is the policy of average cost pricing. This is putting a price limit that matches general costs incurred by a producing company(Sowell, 2014). The price set usually is not far from the unit costs incurred producing each product. This price is set after a bargain between the government and the monopoly to come up with an appropriate average price. The price is set at a point where unit production costs are recovered and reasonable profits made. Average prices ensure fairness to customers and the monopoly in terms of profit making and cost realisation. In addition to that, the government can use the tax system to regulate prices. The government uses high taxes for monopolies charging high prices and low taxes for those with low prices(Tucker, 2016). This is like an incentive to the monopolies to charge low prices for their products. This policy is very beneficial because most monopolies with the aim of paying less tax, they charge low prices for their products. This policy benefits the consumers as they pay for products at prices that justify their utility. The company does not make exaggerated profits from exploiting customers with high prices. The government should ensure adherence to all policies by monopolies without failure. Conclusion Natural monopolies have the ability of exploiting their customers through prices. They are able to charge very high prices for their products without reducing sales due to competitors charging less. The government thus has a responsibility of protecting the consumers because market forces are not present to protect the customers. Monopolies too should be ethical in their activities to ensure that they consider the purchasing ability of customers when setting prices. Government policies for regulating monopoly prices should be considerate to ensure that the monopoly do not suffer losses trying to adhere to government policies(Williamson, 2013) References Arnold, R. A. (2015). Macroeconomics (12th ed.). South Western College. Behravesh, N. (2014). Economics USA 8th edition. W.W.Norton and Company. Burda, M. (July 25, 2017). Macroeconomics (7th ed.). Oxford University Press. Flynn, S. M. (2011). Economics For Dummies (2nd ed.). For Dummies. Jones, C. I. (2017). Macroeconomics (4th ed.). W.W. Norton Company. Lee, D. M. (2017). Principles of Macroeconomics (2nd ed.). W.W.Norton Company. Mankiw, G. (2017). Principles of Economics (8th ed.). South Western College Pub. Margaret, D. A. (2015). Macroeconomics for AP (2nd ed.). Worth Publishers. McConnell, C. R. (2014). Economics: Principles,Problems Policies. McGraw-HIll Education. MIller, R. L. (2017). Economics Today (19 ed.). Pearson. O'Sullivan, A. (2005). Economics:Principles in Action. Prentice Hall. Paul, R. W. (2015). Economics (4 ed.). Worth Publishers. Sowell, T. (2014). Basic Economics (5 ed.). Basic Books. Tucker, I. B. (2016). Macroeconomics for Today (9th ed.). South Western College. Tyler, A. T. (2014). Modern Principles:Macroeconomics (3rd ed.). Worth Publisher. Williamson, S. D. (2013). Macroeconomics (5th ed.). Pearson

Ukrainian Folklore Essays - Ukrainian Studies, Ukrainian Dance

Ukrainian Folklore Purposes of Ukrainian-American Folklore The relatively large Ukrainian community in the United States has many traditions and customs, most of which stem from a feeling of Ukrainian nationalism. As Ukraine was being overtaken by Russia, Ukrainians were immigrating by the thousands to the US. Ukrainians moving to the new world were leaving behind a disappearing culture and moving to a completely different land. Immigrants were proud of their heritage, and many of the traditions that were started in America exist to preserve this heritage and to pass it on to future generations. The Ukrainian Boy Scouting program is one such tradition. Ukrainians in America started this program in the early 1900's to train their young to return to Ukraine and drive the Russians out. This began as resistance to Russian rule over Ukraine. All boys and girls participate in this intermittently throughout the year, starting at age seven and continuing for life. Ukrainian Boy Scouts is very different from the typical American view of Boy Scouts, in that it involves a more rigorous wilderness-training program. This is because the program was essentially started as a military training program, and although it exists now only for fun and tradition, many of the subjects and ideas taught to the youths remain the same. People who are involved in the program put their children through it, as an attempt to preserve Ukrainian culture. When Ukrainians turn eighteen they become counselors, and at age thirty-five they become seniors and run the program. This program, along with a handful of similar programs, was started for various reasons. To begin with, Ukrainian youths had trouble adjusting to American society. They (Ukrainian youth programs) are helping to solve some of the social problems of the ?second generation' that does not seem to be able to find its way into American society or does not feel at home there. Ukrainian youths were out of place in America with no sense of identity, and these programs made the adjustment less difficult. These programs also serve to maintain youth interest in Ukrainian heritage. The adults are perplexed at the indifference of the American-born youth to such worthy institutions (Ukrainian-American organizations). The youth programs involve American-born Ukrainians at a young age, insuring that they will grow up to preserve Ukrainian heritage and culture. A third reason for these programs is that, at the time of their creation, the Ukrainian community in America was divided into two groups. One of them represented independent Ukrainian nationalism and the other, being stimulated by funds from Russia, was pro-Russian. The nationalist group was responsible for these programs. In addition to the other functions, they started these programs to compete with the pro-Russian faction and ensure the survival of Ukrainian culture. These programs exist today to ensure the future of Ukrainian culture, essentially serving the same function it always has. The Red Flower is a traditional Ukrainian song. It also comes from Ukraine's history with Russia, and although it is sung in Ukrainian, The chorus goes as follows in English: Down in the valley A flower wilted And our sacred country Went to ruins The flower in the song is a metaphor for Ukraine, and when Russia took control of Ukraine, the flower wilted. This is a somber song, which is sung at serious gatherings such as funerals or church. It is also sung often during the Boy Scouts training, to teach the young to sing it. Clearly this song serves as a source of nationalism, because the words remind those who hear it of Ukraine's sad past. The song also reminds Ukrainians of why it is important to preserve their culture, to restore Ukraine to glory. The Hopak is a traditional Ukrainian dance, which is performed frequently by Ukrainians in America. Outsiders often refer it to as the Russian Dance, but it is actually a Ukrainian dance. The dancer is a man wearing leather boots, loose fitting red silk pants, and a white shirt with colored embroidering down the middle. His hair is shaved to the scalp except for a small circle on the top of his head, where the hair is about half a foot long. He squats down low, and kicks his feet out with his body upright and his arms folded.

Build a Brand out of Yourself Tips for Freelancers

Build a Brand out of Yourself Tips for Freelancers As a freelancer, you are a small businessperson. As such, you have a product to sell, which is usually yourself. You, as a product, deserve and need to be perceived as a brand just as surely as a multinational corporation does. How can you create this perception? Let’s examine some of the elements of the branding process, as applied to a freelancer.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Build a Brand out of Yourself: Tips for Freelancers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The basis for successful branding for any business, of any size, is analysis. This may sound boring, or scary if you are, as is the case with all too many of us, numerically challenged. It may seem unnecessary and excessive. Don’t be misled by these often-reflexive reactions. Your investment in preliminary analysis will allow you to spend your time, energy, and money efficiently in branding yourself. Analyze yourself as a product: You need t o know who you are and what you offer the marketplace. This is the same process that would be undertaken by a widget manufacturing business to establish a brand identity for their product. This is especially important when you work independently, because few people start out to be freelancers. You might have fallen into this role, perhaps as a bridge between organizationally-based jobs, or to try out a new career. You may missed out on the sort of self-inventory often involved in job-hunting. Freelancing certainly lacks detailed job descriptions. List the skills that are obviously applicable to the work you do or aim to do. Then list everything else you do well, and your areas of expertise and familiarity, even if they are not obviously related. Remember, as an independent worker, you are a one-man/woman band. You may find yourself needing to do things handled elsewhere if you were working with an organization. For example, if you were proofreading for a publisher, you might read, c orrect, hand your work in, and go home. As a freelance editor, in addition to proofing, your could very well find yourself shepherding a writer past an episode of writer’s block, or a failure of confidence, or some other existential nightmare. Describe what you do, or intend to do, in as much detail as you can. Explain what you do as if talking to an extra-galactic alien. Make sure that you do not assume any prior knowledge. To continue with the example of a freelance editor, if you know how to import bibliographies from external bibliographic tools, or to embed complicated figures into a document, explain it, using the name of the tool (for example, Moodle). If you can edit in multiple languages, mention that.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Analyze the market around you: Just like a giant corporation, you need to carry out an environmental assessment. Us ing the description of your skills, and what you do with those skills that you have created, generate a list of keywords. Search online using these, to identify your direct competitors – not the whole world of people and organizations who do something roughly similar. Thus, to use the proofing example again, instead of just searching on ‘editor’ to find out who else is out there doing the same thing, search on ‘editor’ plus ‘graph creation’ or other extra special things you can do. The pool of folks who pop up after such a highly targeted search are probably your direct, head-to-head competitors as a freelancer. Analyze how you want to be perceived: Consider the way you want people to describe you. How would you like people to (you hope) refer their friends and colleagues to you? These are the words and phrases you want to convey consistently in both your behavior and in whatever marketing you do for yourself. Make sure they fit; as an e xample of what not to do, think of how â€Å"global warming† fails to fit the climate change has undermined subsequent efforts to affect policy and public opinion. If you can feasibly ask customers how they perceive you, this is a wonderful tool in your efforts to brand yourself. This kind of data is not available to everyone, but worth trying to acquire. The gap between what people actually think about you professionally and what you want them to think of you is your challenge to bridge. Analyze how to communicate who you are, and what you, do as a freelancer: As you identify other entities, whether individuals or firms, that do what you want to do, look at their websites and other promotional materials. Discreetly, and without overtly stalking, keep track of how they present themselves and what they are doing for publicity and marketing. This includes everything from the screen name they choose, to the way they present themselves in photographs, to the text in their website s or profiles. There will be some aspects that you will not be able to see, for example, the arcana of search engine mechanics. However, there is a great deal that you will be able to discern. Use everything available to publicize yourself: Now you know who you are, what you do, how you want to be perceived, what your competition is, and how they are marketing themselves. You can use free social media such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Tumblr, Instagram, and even resources like YouTube to discuss or demonstrate what you, uniquely, do. Join and become active in all the relevant professional organizations in your field. The key is to be consistent.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Build a Brand out of Yourself: Tips for Freelancers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Everything that originates with you should convey the same message. Let us imagine that you want to distinguish yourself as being able to help ESL students, or pr oof quantitative and scientific material. Your profile in every medium, and even your greeting on your email, should carry a tagline including those professional attributes. Careful analysis and observation will help you figure out how to distinguish yourself. Consistency of message and presentation in everything written, and in your behavior, will help you to build a successful brand out of your skills and unique product, or service.

Bonds Definition and Examples in Chemistry

Bonds Definition and Examples in Chemistry In chemistry, a bond or chemical bond is a link between atoms in molecules  or compounds and between ions and molecules in crystals. A bond represents a lasting attraction between different atoms, molecules or ions. Why Bonds Form Most of bonding behavior can be explained by the attraction between two opposite electrical charge. The electrons of an atom or ion are attracted to their own positively-charged nucleus (containing protons), yet also to the nuclei of nearby atoms. Species that participate in chemical bonds are more stable when the bond is formed, typically because they had an imbalance of charge (greater or fewer number of electrons than protons) or because their valence electrons did not fill or half-fill electron orbitals. Examples of Chemical Bonds The two main types of bonds are  covalent bonds  and  ionic bonds. Covalent bonding is where atoms share electrons more or less equally between each other. In an ionic bond, an electron from one atom spends more time associated with the nucleus and electron orbitals of the other atom (essentially donated). However, pure covalent and ionic bonding is relatively rare. Usually a bond is intermediate between ionic and covalent. In a polar covalent bond, electrons are shared, but the electrons participating in the bond are more attracted to one atom than to the other. Another type of bonding is a metallic bond. In a metallic bond, electrons are donated to an electron sea between a group of atoms. Metallic bonding is very strong, but the fluid nature of the electrons allows for a high degree of electrical and thermal conductivity.

The poem the moment by margaret atwood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The poem the moment by margaret atwood - Essay Example The poem can be summed up thus: Whenever human beings start believing that they have mastered their environment and start believing in a misplaced sense of superiority over mother nature, then they are setting up their own doom. We as a species will always remain products of nature and to that extent subordinate to the wellbeing of our natural environment. Through the course of our planet’s history, we as a species are only recent arrivals. One day we will perish too, while Mother Nature with her mix of the animate and inanimate objects will continue to live and dictate terms. This poem assumes an added resonance, as it directly appeals to the environmental activism that is witnessed across the world today. Terms such as global warming and environmental degradation have started finding everyday reference in print and broadcast media, highlighting the critical juncture at which our planet is poised. The Moment is a valuable addition to the popular discourse on these subjects. The poem differs from others in the genre in that it easily lends itself to be paraphrased into expository prose. To the extent that this is true, the poem is not subject to various contrasting interpretations. In the poem, lines such as â€Å"house, half-acre, square mile, island, country† and words such as â€Å"trees†, â€Å"birds†, â€Å"cliffs†, â€Å"air†, â€Å"breathe†, etc make it adequately clear what the subject matter is, namely that of our natural environment. Treating these objects in nature as endowments of mother nature, one could propose a contrarian feminist interpretation of the poem. This would be to interpret planet earth and its resources as representing feminine qualities of creating and care-giving. And just as the subordination of women to men had held back human civilization for millennia, the subjugation of nature to our species is also a regressive idea. Hence, a careful reading of the poem reveals to the reader t he underlying didactic attitude of the

How has the global financial crisis affected the international economy Coursework

How has the global financial crisis affected the international economy - Coursework Example The main cause of this subprime crisis was the securitization in which the banks converted their loans into sellable assets with the intention of putting risky loans on others’ shoulders. For this, banks started borrowing more money to be given out as loans in the form of securities, which meant more securitization. Lehman Brothers, which collapsed on September 2008, is an example of such investment banks which got into mortgages by buying those securities and selling them on. When there was no one left to be given out loan to, banks decided to loan to the poor which was the riskier business. But they thought it was not that risky as bad loans would lead to the possession oh high priced property owned by the people. Thus, without proper management, bank got involved into a risky trading business of buying and selling loans. So when they wanted their money back, the riskier loans made them collapse. The banks asked the government for compensation which gave them new capital, bu t the confidence was lost (Shiller 2008). According to Professor Joseph Stiglitz (2010), the economist and the Nobel Prize Winner in economics, the US financial market was in a weak economic bubble before the crisis occurred. Most of the financial growth depended on the real estate. Housing was becoming expensive but the income was decreasing, which led to the fact that most of the growth was sustained by a few top people which meant that â€Å"we were consuming beyond our means†, states Stiglitz. He points out an important issue that when the governments put in more liquidity in the markets and banks to save them, the latter started thinking that they were saving themselves. As mentioned above, when the banks started running out due to bad loans, governments bailed them out using complex financial derivatives, like Credit Default Swaps (CDS) and Collateral Debt Obligations (CDO), which strengthened their habit of bad

English Poem Analysis Essay Example for Free

English Poem Analysis Essay In this poem, Pablo Neruda is talking about life, and how he feels that it is an insignificant business. He talks about life after death, saying that nobody keeps what they have and says that life is nothing but a borrowing of bones. The best thing he claims to have learnt from life is that one should not have too much of either joy or sadness, but experience both in equal quantities. He feels that his being happy was a punishment, a condemnation that caused him to plunge into the sorrows of others, and to share with them their sorrow. He says that he did not do this for fame or for money, but because he could not live in the shadows, the shadows of other people. He says that we can heal our own wounds by weeping and singing, but in front of us lie thousands of others who are in constant suffering. He feels that his business on earth was to fulfil his spirit, the happiness he felt with the sum of all his actions. It gave him great joy to bathe in the sea under the sun, and in the very foam of the sea, his heart which lay dying was seeped into the sand. The poet makes use of immense imagery in all his works. There is no poem written by Pablo Neruda, which is lacking imagery. It is one of the most common literary devices used by the poet. And this is one such poem where he has used various kinds of imagery to illustrate his thoughts.

Your Choice Furniture Essays -- Information Systems Case Study

Executive Summary â€Å"Your Choice Furniture† established in 1992 was a family business with long history, which has been handed down from generation to generation. As like most of the tradition businesses, the method of management for the shop was usually used manually. According to this situation, we found out the various essential elements of â€Å"Your Choice Furniture†. 1 The Brief main issues : 1.1 â€Å"The book-keeping, invoicing, stocktaking, payroll functions and customers’ details, weekly wage bill employee’s details are kept manually.† 1.2 â€Å"The manual system is extremely time-consuming† and difficult to manage the track of inventory. 1.3 There is no fixed staff but need to extend the opening hours, which needs labour-saving. 1.4 The shop needs to be possibly going online. 2 Evaluate Feasibility : 2.1 Operational feasibility: Most of these problems would be by the information system to help to increase efficiency. 2.2 Technical feasibility: Customized approach to provision the â€Å"Your Choice Furniture† of net technical requirements, most of the problems they face by the information system to help them solve. 2.3 Economic feasibility: Information system can replace the previous manual handling operations to save a lot of time and labor costs. Base on the case of â€Å"Your Choice Furniture†, we marked this system's analysis to formulate solutions in this report; it assisted in evaluating the impact of recent change information technologies of â€Å"Your choice furniture† business system for evaluating how well the firm will be performing. The deeper part of this report has shown the need of "Your Choice Furniture" for new business system, which will help the company to support their customers and employees, also more ef... ... to develop comparative advantages and conduct the uneven competition and make a joint effort to accelerate its advancement, and therefore, increase their respective competitiveness on a global scale. References Laudon, KC & Laudon, JP 2010, Management Information Systems: Managing the digital firm, 11th Global edn, Pearson Education, Inc, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. Mustaffa, S and Beaumont, N 2002, â€Å"The effect of electronic commerce on small Australian enterprises†, Technovation, Vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 85-95. (online ScienceDirect) Mehdi Khosrow-Pour, D.B.A. 2006, Cases on information technology : lessons learned,Vol 7, Hershey, Pa. : Idea Group. Marshall, KP & Swartwout, N 2006 â€Å"Marketing and Internet Professionals' Fiduciary Responsibility: A Perspective on Spyware..† Journal of Internet Commerce, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 109–126. (online EBSCOHOST)

Comparison of two Egyptian Sculpture Relief Depicting

Comparison of two Egyptian Sculpture Relief Depicting a Man Inspecting His Stables; Ships Unloading Merchandise and Relief Block, Plucking and Roasting Fowl, Herds Crossing Water By shackles Comparison of two Egyptian Sculpture Relief Depicting a Man Inspecting His Stables; Ships Unloading Merchandise and Relief Block, Plucking and Roasting Fowl, Herds Crossing Water In Egyptian art, the greatest achievements are tomb relief, huge number of tomb relief shows the people who were rich enough at that period want to bring their rich and glory even after they dead.The Early royal relief are somewhat too idealism on the figures, heir figures on the tomb relief are usually rough on the surface. However, the technique of making tomb relief developed extremely quickly starting from the 3rd Dynasty; the techniques were already extremely advanced, and styles are increasing a lot. Using the finely detailed decoration in the tomb relief are the tradition way. This kind of technique that shows the figures standing out slightly above the Egyptian period continued through the 6th-Dynasty and into the Middle Kingdom, especially using for royal monuments. Visual-arts-cork. Com) There are many characteristics that diddle kingdom and new kingdom have are clearly crucial and a little different from each other, including the details of the techniques, color and style. The Tomb Relief from late dynasty 18 and Relief from a tomb at E-Light are the two tomb relief which have some commons and differences; both of them are tomb relief and both of them are about the farming figure, there are some figures about people working in different sections and also a lot of animals on that too. The Egyptian art's function was twofold.Firstly, the function shows the god's glory and making the passage after-life more comfortable. Then, the function Europeanizes the information and the value of the Egyptian art. The life in Egypt was generally stable such as the cultural and life; even the arts, inclu ding their architecture and sculptures, also painting, metalwork, goldsmith and ceramics. (visual-arts-cork. Com) Most of the art works in Egypt have the characteristic which is ‘highly conservative adherence to traditional rules' (Neil Collins, visual-arts-cork. Mom), it had a good affection on focus on the order rather than creativity and artistic expression. (visual-arts-cork. Com) During The Middle Kingdom, with its capital at Thebes (2000-1786 B. C. ), was a brand new age of experiment and invention which grew out of the turbulence of the First Intermediate Period (2134-c. 2000 B. C. ). (encyclopedia. Com) Most of the forms of the Old Kingdom were retained; However, the traditional unity style was changed. The development of formalism was mixed with a meticulous delicacy of craftsmanship. Precancerous. Com) There were more from the artists' inside thought, most of them were successful in tomb relief or sculpture, like the rock-cut tombs at Ban Has are outstanding for free dom of draftsmanship, and the sensitive portraits of Stories Ill ND Amendment Ill were all extremely famous and successful in doing the Egyptian arts. (Precancerous. Com) Also, their figures are more idealism on the torso but realism on their head and face, the animals were set as a line organized. (encyclopedia. Mom) The Relief from a tomb at EL-Light is from the middle kingdom, it has found reused as a door sill that in a door of a later house by the modern cemetery near the pyramid, possibly from the tomb of Ankhs. Inside the picture, ancient Egyptian outdoor life is preserved clearly. Two men sit in a tent and preparing for a meal that the tomb when will later enjoy. The man on the right plucks the feathers of a large goose, and the other one on the left roasts a duck on a spit over a low fire that he brings to glow with a fan. The other birds, a bag, and two rolled-up sheets of cloth were hanged up from a line above.Then, on the bottom of the picture, a number of cattle have Ju st emerged from swampy water, and some water spilled because the herd is on its way to higher ground. (Wall texts from Mutest) From this tomb relief, the function is a traditional Egyptian tomb relief that is showing the daily life even including the errors' lives. It reflects the life at that period, even a tiny thing like preparing for a meal. Zoom in to the lines and the expression of the three- dimensional from, the technique the sculptor used is fine and smooth. These two men' figures are not naturalism; the pose and the arrangement of the figure are neat and orderly.Especially those animals, the cattle are all the same. Additionally, one symbolist thing is the pose that the man holding the ducks neck. This tomb relief is realism on the face and idealism in the torso, also extremely well done in some specific details. The New Kingdom's art (1570-1342 B. C. ) can be seen as the final development of the traditional classic Egyptian style of the Middle Kingdom, there is a combinat ion of the drive inspiration of the Middle Kingdom and the monumental forms of the Old Kingdom. This period's painting are famous because boldness of controlled vitality and boldness.Their sculpture usually emphasis on bulk, solidity and impersonality. In some single scenes, or the works on the wall from ceiling to the floor, each figure had its place properly and was not allow to overflow its space. Then en of the most table achievements of Egyptian craft men was the technique when they put human figure in a space, it seems to be cramped or overcrowded, but the they still take control of the whole picture's balance. (visual-arts-cork. Com) Then, The Tomb Relief from late dynasty 18 is a perfect example of this period.The pictures of this relief use the cattle that being force-fed while the tomb owner followed by several retainers on the right of the picture. In the bottom of the picture, ships unload their produce that is first heaped on shore then carried away by porters. This rel ief block almost certainly came from a tomb at Memphis. With an infusion odd liberating energy and ideas from Marin, private relief work flourished in Memphis in the post-Marin period and at that period, the wealthy people more like to let the figure on the tomb relief more naturalism. Wall texts from Mutest) This way that shows the life of workers is a terrific way which be used to show the multiple stages in a developing sequence of actions, rather than the frames of a strip cartoon because it is clearer. During the Old Kingdom, the agricultural is one of the most popular themes for most of the tomb relief. (visual-arts-cork. Mom) Also, the wall paintings during that period which shows plunging, sowing harvesting and threshing the grain are all symbolist faithfully represented.It shows the herdsmen working in the pastures taking care of the cattle so prized by the ancient Egyptians even other views depict the trapping of the waterfowl especially in the Nile marshes and fishing in the river itself. (visual-arts-cork. Com) Because of these views from daily life let the sculptors were able to use their initiative and let themselves feel free and explore a little of theirs imagination and retreat. When they show the dead man and his family, it had to be more presented in regular poses as a description: larger than life, strictly proportioned, and always calm and somewhat aloof, (visual-arts-cork. Mom) However, The rural workers on the estate could be shown at their daily lives in a relaxed way, something with lives or energetic can be usually captured, and that always have an outstanding characterized which can symbolize the ancient Egyptians. (visual-arts-cork. Com) While the offering-bearers, symbolizing the funerary gifts from the estates to their rod, are depicted moving towards him in formal and stately procession, the peasants at work in the fields seem both sturdy and vigorous. (visual-arts-cork. Mom) Look inside the tomb relief techniques, it clearly sho ws the details and the meaning of the whole story, every people have their own characteristic and different poses. Further, the tomb relief from here is becoming more three-dimensional. Even when we see these two tomb relief and find out they look remarkably similar from each other, they are all about the daily life in Egyptian, they all shows the real unusual smoothly techniques that people in that period have the highly developed skill of making the tomb relief. Using tomb relief is the good way to reflect their owner's life and the dynasty they were in.The relief from a tomb at EL-Light shows the owner's power and their wealthy life; the second Tomb Relief is a little different from the first one, it show about the owner wants to be more kind, they were not like to show their glory anymore; they more want to have a kind of feeling of realism, but the way they show is mostly idealism from the torso and the heads. The most preference is the level of the three-dimensional of the tom b relief, the middle kingdom seems there is a start of doing this, then it is getting more three- dimensional until the New kingdom.

Managers responsibility Essay

The mangers most basic responsibility is to focus people toward performance of work activities to achieve desired outcomes. A manager is someone who works with and through other people by co-ordinating their work activities to accomplish organisational goals. (Robbins, Stagg, Coulter, 2003, p.10) This definition states, the fundamental responsibility of a manager, is to accomplish the organisations objectives by ‘getting things done through people’. There are however several ways of conceiving managerial responsibilities, as a ‘manager’ can be viewed from many different positions. Kontz (1999:179) argue that management is the process of setting and achieving goals through the execution of four basic management functions that utilize an organisation’s resources. These functions are planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. Goshal and Bartel (1995:89) however argues that the responsibility of manager cannot be clearly defined as planning, organizing controlling etc, and are better described by looking at the managers responsibility in their working environment. According to Goshal and Bartel (1999:183), the responsibility of managers varies according to their level of status within the organisation and the skills required in performing managerial duties change accordingly. I will discuss that managerial work can be classified into both organizational levels, basic skills and the four management functions that lead to the fundamental responsibility of a manager, – to effectively accomplish organisational goals by focusing people toward performance of work activities. cofa far sefafaw orfa Wood (1998:402) argue that the most important asset in effectively achieving desired oraganisational outcomes is people. It is argued that people are flexible, versatile, intelligent, durable and appreciate in value to the organisation through learning experiences. According to Wood, (1998: 397) the best way people can be used in an organisation, is through the decision making process directly related to management functions, – planning, organising, directing and controlling. It is a managers resposibility to understand the significant effect each sub-ordinates commitment has to these  functions, and actively carry out the functions of management in a way that best achieves this. Planning involves defining organisational goals and proposing ways to reach them. Managers establish an overall direction for the organisations future, identify and commit the resources required, and focus people towards their working activies to reach organisational objectives. After managers have prepared plans, they must translate these abstract ideas into reality. Organising is the process of creating a structure of relationships that will enable employees to carry out management’s plans and meet organisational goals. By organising effectively, managers can better coordinate human, material, and information resources. The manager has to make sure each sub-ordinate knows their individual goal and how they are going to achieve it. A successful plan may only be reached if management can utilize the organisations resources efficiently and effectively. Foucault After management has made plans, created a structure, and hired the right personnel, someone must direct the organization. Directing involves communicating and motivating others to perform the tasks necessary to achieve the organization’s goals. Interraction between the manager and sub-ordinate is the key for creating a focused working environment, and is critical in achieving a desired outcome. Directing provides leadership that from a manager/employee working relationship perspective is the raising of an employees performance to a higher standard, – beyond its normal limitations. The process of managerial leadership can be thought of as influencing others to direct their efforts toward the pursuit of specific goals. Knouse, Stephen, and Giacalone, (1992:375) back up this statement by claiming that managers who lead effectively establish three initiaitves from employees that is crucial in improving their work activities and decision making capabilities. Initially they gain the trust of sub-ordinates, – allowing people more freedom to act on instinct and make decisions. Second, leaders must clarify the direction in which people should be headed to satisfy organisational outcomes, through clear, consistent communication. This effectively helps employees feel confident in their decision making  abilities. Finally it states that effective leaders encourage others to take risks, further enabling peoples ability to think, create and make decisions. Control is verifying the actions of the organisation’s subordinates in accordance with the plans, instructions, and the established standards of performance. A manager should attempt to prevent problems, or to try to determine and solve them as soon as possible, if they happen to occur. Through constant control of focusing people towards work activities, the manager keeps the organisation working effectively.cofe fe As it can be seen, managers are required to be able to plan, organise, direct, and control. Goshal and Bartel (1995: 91) argue however that deviding a managers responsibility into tidy, discrete functions such as planning and organising is not relevant in todays working environment. It is argued that management is ‘messy and continuous’, particularly planning which is conceived as an ongoing process, rather than a separate bounded activity. According to Goshal and Bartel, the nature of manegerial work is better classified in terms of organisationl levels and basic skills. Robert L Katz identified three types of skills, – technical, human and conceptual which he writes are required for all levels of management. Robbins, Stagg, Coulter, 2003, p.13-14) Technical skills are those needed to perform the work in a specialised area. These skills involve the knowledge and ability to apply techniques, procedures, methods, and tools in a specific field. Interpersonal skills, include the ability to work with, understand, lead, and motivate others, and effective managers require interpersonal skills to get ‘the best out of their people’. Conceptual skills include the ability to plan, coordinate, and integrate all of the organization’s interests and activities. Also involved is the ability to understand how a change in a given part of the organization or its environment, can positively or negatively affect the focus of employees in their work activities which interrelates with the organisation desired outcomes. Katz found the relative importance of these skills varied according to the managers level within the organisation. Organisations can be viewed as having three basic levels of management with operational employees not requiring any manegerial duties. The manegerial jobs at the first level are known as first level management and are charged with overseeing operative employees. Technical skills are important at such lower organisational levels in which the manager needs to know the mechanics of how the work is done. Ghoshal, and Bartlett (1995:92) argue that first line supervisors (first level managers) are responsible and accountable for directing the workforce and for meeting production and service scheduals and quality standards. The responsibilty of first line managers to ensure employees are focused on work activities is therfor crucial in achieving a desired outcome. Middle managers are usually responsible for the performance of a particular organisational unit and direct the activities of other managers and sometimes those of operative employees. They implement strategic plans set fourth by top managers by establishing divisional objectives and operational objectives that will guide unit perormance to achieving desired outcomes. Technical and conceptual skills are required for effective middle management, but as is the role of first level management with operative employees, their basic responsibilty is to ensure these first level managers and to a lesser extent, operational employees are aware of what is required in achieving set objectives. Top managers have the broadest responsibilities and have the authority to develop plans that shape the overall direction of the organisation. Ghoshal and Bartlett (1995:93) argue that the time of a top manager is typically devoted to human relations and conceptual tasks. From a survey of some of America’s most effective corporations Goshal and Bartell (1995:93) found that leading executives of these firms spent approximately 85% of their time interracting with people on the phone or in meetings. It is also argued that of this 85% a large proportion of time is spent updating and ensuring middle managers are informed and focused on the work activities required to ensure the objectives of the organisation are achieved. In conclusion, managers are very important in a structured organisation. All  organisations operate in complex social working environment conditions where managers need to be developed in their interpersonal or people skills if they are going to be effective. Technical and conceptual skills vary in importance according to their managerial heirachy, however the one skill that remains constant at all levels is interpersonal. Goshal and Bartell (1995:93) argue that progressive organisations only look for people who possess a special predefined set of competencies relating to attitude, personality and behaviour for employement in management-leadership positions. These competencies guarantee that formulating business strategees and organisational goals will be met through the ‘coaching’ and interraction of managers and employees. Managers have the responsibility of planning, organising, directing and controlling the organisations activities that can only be effectively achieved through the use of efficent working employees. The four management functions require creativity, reasoning, and judgement to make decisions and it is the basic responsibility of a manager to direct people towards their specific role or task to ensure organistional goals are achieved. When a person is familiar with the subject and has the required data, they have the confidence to make effective decisions. This is the most basic responsibility of a manager, to focus people towards performance of work activites to ensure a desired outcome is achieved. References Ghoshal, S. and Bartlett, C. A. (1995), â€Å"Changing the Role of Top Management: Beyond Structure to Process†, Harvard Business Review, p 86-94coec ecr Knouse, Stephen B. and Giacalone, Robert A. (1992), â€Å"Management Decision Making in Business: Employee Issues and Concerns.† Journal of Business Ethics. 11 (51) pp.369 381. 6QbDHfKG ndd fodd dd! Kontz, H, (1999) ‘The Management Theory jungle’, Journal of the Academy of Management, 4, p174 -188codc dcr sedcdcw ordc dck indc fodc dc. Robbins, S, Bergman, R., Stagg, I. & Coulter, M. 2003, Management 3rd edn, Pearson Education Australia, French Forest Wood, D. J. (1998), â€Å"Social Issues in Management: Theory and Research in Corporate Social Performance†, Journal of Management 17(2), pp.383-406cocb cbr secbcbw orcb cbk incb focb cb.

Visual Arts Movements from 30,000 BC-400 AD

Visual Arts Movements from 30,000 BC-400 AD Prehistory Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) Art  - 30,000-10,000 B.C.Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age) Art  - 10,000-8000 B.C.Neolithic (New Stone Age) Art  - 8000-3000 B.C.Bronze Age Art - 2500-800 B.C.Iron Age Art - 750-50 B.C. Ancient Civilizations Mesopotamia Sumerian Art - 3000-2300 B.C.Akkadian Art - 2300-2150 B.C.Neo-Sumerian Art - 2150-2000 B.C.Babylonian Art - 1900-1600 B.C.Assyrian Art - 900-612 B.C.Neo-Babylonian Art - 625-539 B.C. Egypt Early Dynastic Art - 3500-2686 B.C.Old Kingdom Art - 2686-2185 B.C.Middle Kingdom Art - 2133-1750 B.C.Early New Kingdom Art - 1570-1353 B.C.Amarna Art - 1353-1332 B.C.Late New Kingdom Art - 1332-1075 B.C.Late Period Art - 750-332 B.C.Macedonian Dynasty Art - 332-304 B.C.Ptolemaic Dynasty Art - 304-30 B.C. The Cycladic Islands/Crete Early Minoan Art - 2800-2000 B.C.Middle Minoan Art - 2000-1700 B.C.Late Minoan Art - 1550-1400 B.C. Phoenician Art - 1500-500 B.C. Nomadic Tribes Luristan Art - 700-500 B.C.Scythian Art - 600-300 B.C. Persian Empire Art - 539-331 B.C. Classical Civilizations Greek Art Mycenaean Art - 1550-1200 B.C.Sub-Mycenaean Art - 1100-1025 B.C.Proto-Geometric Art - 1025-900 B.C.Geometric Art - 900-700 B.C.Archaic Art - 700-480 B.C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Orientalizing Phase - 735-650 B.C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Early Archaic - 700-600 B.C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  High Archaic - 600-520 B.C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Late Archaic - 520-480 B.C.Classical Art - 480-323 B.C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Early Classical - 480-450 B.C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  High Classical - 450-400 B.C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Late Classical - 400-323 B.C.Hellenistic Art - 323-31 B.C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Early Hellenistic - 323-250 B.C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  High Hellenistic - 250-100 B.C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Late Hellenistic - 100 -31 B.C. Etruscan Art Early Iron Age Art - 9th century-ca. 675 B.C.Orientalizing Phase - ca. 675-ca. 575 B.C.Archaic Period Art - ca. 575-ca. 480 B.C.Classical Period Art - ca. 480-ca. 300 B.C.Hellenistic Period Art - ca. 300-ca. 50 B.C. Roman Art Republican Art - 510-27 B.C.Early Roman Empire Art - 27 B.C.-235 A.D.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Augustan - 27 B.C.-14 A.D.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Julio-Claudian - 14-68  Ã‚  Ã‚  Flavian - 69-96  Ã‚  Ã‚  Trajanic - 98-117  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hadrianic - 117-138  Ã‚  Ã‚  Antonine - 138-192  Ã‚  Ã‚  Severin - 193-235Late Roman Empire/Late Antique Art - 235-476 Judean Art - 600 B.C.-135 A.D. Celtic Art Early Style - ca. 450-ca. 350 B.C.Waldalgesheim Style - ca. 350-ca. 250 B.C.Sword and Plastic Styles - ca. 250-ca. 125 B.C.Oppida Period Art - ca. 125-ca. 50 B.C.Britain and Ireland before 600 A.D. Parthian and Sassanidic Art - 238 B.C.-637 A.D. Non-Western Ancient Art China Neolithic – ca. 6,000–ca. 1,600 B.C.Shang Dynasty – 1,766–1,045 B.C.Zhou Dynasty – 1,045–256 B.C.Qin Dynasty – 221–206 B.C.Han Dynasty – 206 B.C.–220 A.D.Three Kingdoms Period – 220–280Western Jin Dynasty – 265–316Six Dynasties Period – 222–589Northern and Southern Dynasties Period – 310–589 Japan Jomon – 4,500–200 B.C.Yayoi – 200 B.C.–200 A.D.Kofun – 200–500 Indian Subcontinent Indus Valley – 4,000–1,800 B.C.Sarasvati-Sindhu Civilization - 3,000–1,500 B.C.Aryan India - 1,500–500 B.C.The Mauryan Empire - 321–233 B.C.Gandhara and Kushan School – 1st–3rd centuries A.D.The Gupta Dynasty - 320–510 Africa Rock Art in Southern AfricaSahara - Bubalus Period – ca. 6,000–ca. 3,500 B.C.Lower Nubia – ca. 3,500–2,000 B.C.Kush – 2,000 B.C.–325 A.D.Pre-dynastic Kemet – to 3,050 B.C.The Nok Culture - 400 B.C.–200 A.D.Aksum - 350 B.C.–1,000 A.D. North America Mexico   Ã‚  Ã‚  Olmec Art - 1,200–350 B.C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Zapotec Art – 1,400 B.C.–400 A.D.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Huastec Art - ca. 1000 B.C.-1521 A.D.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mayan Art - 300 B.C.–800 A.D. South America Valdivian Art - ca. 4,000-ca. 1,500 B.C.Chavin Art - ca. 2,600-ca. 200 B.C.San Agustin - ca. 800 B.C.-ca. 1630 A.D.Moche and Nasca Art - ca. 200 B.C.-ca. 600 A.D.

5 Confused Word Pairs

5 Confused Word Pairs 5 Confused Word Pairs 5 Confused Word Pairs By Mark Nichol The similarity of the letters e and i leads to frequent confusion between similar-looking and similar-sounding pairs of words. Here are five such word pairs with their respective meanings and tips for keeping each word in its place: 1. Elicit vs. Illicit Elicit, meaning â€Å"draw forth,† comes from the Latin term lacere, â€Å"to entice or lure.† Illicit means â€Å"unlawful†; the root word stems from the Latin term licere, â€Å"to be allowed,† from which license also derives. To keep them separate in your mind, connect elicit with exit and illicit with illegal. 2. Emigrate vs. Immigrate To emigrate is to leave one country and live elsewhere; to immigrate is to move to a country. To maintain the distinction between the two, associate emigrate with embark and immigrate with immerse. 3. Eminent vs. Imminent Eminent means â€Å"prominent† or â€Å"conspicuous† and is generally associated with accomplished people; imminent means â€Å"about to happen,† often with the sense of something of import or involving danger. To help you remember which is which, think of an eminent person as one who emits greatness, and connect imminent with immediate. 4. Emulate vs. Imitate Emulate can be directly synonymous with imitate but often has the sense of an effort to try to be equal to, whereas to imitate is to try to match an example, or to resemble. To keep them straight, think of emulating as something to do to become eminent, whereas imitating involves mimicking. 5. Explicit vs. Implicit Something explicit is something fully developed or revealed, and something implicit is not expressed directly, though it can also mean â€Å"potential† or â€Å"without questioning.† Remember the difference between the two by thinking of explicit in regard to something X rated and implicit as referring to something implied. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Types of RhymeSelect vs. SelectedDealing With A Character's Internal Thoughts

Institutional adoption of Open Source Software pros and cons Research Paper

Institutional adoption of Open Source Software pros and cons - Research Paper Example When OSS got momentum, the buzzwords start flying quick and loose. But the very boom of open source software forces the different institutes to take into consideration the OSS depending upon its advantages. The availability of free open source softwares (OSS) is a sort of great help at individual and at institutional or organizational level. The OSS is gaining popularity in both commercial and government domains. An interesting issue in the soft technology is the issue of choice between the proprietary and OSS. Institutes or different organizations are seeing the OSS as an alternative of the proprietary software. The open source applications like Apache, Perl and Sendmail are the focus of different organizations or institutions for their internet based applications or systems. As quoted about open source software: The vision for many developing countries is that by using affordable yet effective open source software to bridge the digital divide, they can achieve rapid and sustainable economic and social development. (Joshua L Mindel, Lik Mui, Sameer Verma, 2007) Most of the institutions or organizations adopt open source software due to certain advantages which open source applications are providing. The advantages which are taken into consideration are low cost of license, more stable features, high security, user friendliness, support cost and facility to upgrade the existing tool according to the new requirements due to the availability of source code. So in the presence of all these advantages we can conclude that open source software is free to use, copy, distribute and modify. In the adoption of an OSS institutes also pay severe attention to economic growth that what is the Return On Investment (ROI). The ROI must be taken into account as an advantage of OSS. But there are certain disadvantages which must also be taken into account by an institute

Internet Searching Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Internet Searching - Assignment Example The disease and condition of choice is Cervical Cancer. This disease is an abnormality of the cervix just like how other cancerous infections arise due to the abnormality of the various affected body parts. To be specific, Cervical Cancer occurs due to the abnormal cell changes in the cervix. The cell changes are characterized by a rapid multiplication of the cells. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus which opens to the vagina. The Human papillomavirus is the primary cause of this deadly disease. A Uniform Resource Locator is a specific address for a document that is available on the internet. The most convenient way to access a Website is to enter its homepage URL that is found on its specific Web browser’s address line. An example of an URL is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). An EHR is an electronic health record system. The system is very reliable and convenient as it allows easy and safe recording, accessing and storing of health records as compared to the paper recording system that has a lot of manual procedures. The EHR system has many benefits and its application in the healthcare sector has been of great importance. It improves efficiency, quality, and safety of the health records. The system then engages the participation of patients and their families in the recording of medical information. The system also improves the general health of the public. Lastly, the system not only improves health care coordination but also ensure confidentiality in personal health information. The domain name system is a system that outlines the location of the domain names on the internet and translates them into internet protocol addresses. The domain name system distributes the lists of domain names and their respective IP addresses through a hierarchical order since the maintenance of a central list of the domain names or IP address is impractical.

Spanish Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Spanish - Essay Example La competencia en los mercados internacionales a causado que muchas empresas reconsideren su cyclo supplidores para optimizar la eficiencia de las empresas. En paises desarroyados como Estados Unidos y Inglaterra muchas companies exportan fases de su producion para usus costos atraves de la exportacion de trabajos. Por ejemplo si Ford Motors decide producir la suspension de sus vehiculos en China para bajar costo eso ayuda a la empresa poder proveer mejores precios a sus consumidores. El publico en general aveces esta bajo la presumcion que la exportacion de trabajo es mala para la economia porque se pierden trabajos directos. Se una fabrica cierra y se muda para otro lugar parace que el resultado de expertacion de trabajo es negativo. El ejemplo dado en el corto plazo el impactacto a pais que piede afecta adversamenta la economia de una region. Para mejor evaluar dicho escenario’ hay que visualizar el efecto del evento en el mediano y largo plazo. En el largo plazo la exportacion de trabajo tiene efectos positivos como la restructuracion economica para mejorar la competividad del pais, precios mas bajos en la material prima de las empresas, y mejorar las validad de vida del ciudadanos en paises en via al dessarollo como por ejemplo Argentina. En el mediado plazo cuando empresas contrata a empresas extranjeras para realizar una porcion de su production el efecto en el empleo de empresas nativas es positivo porque ayuda a incrementar la ganacia de los empre sarios. La exportacion de trabajos tambien se puede interpretar como la imigracion de talento humano local a otras regiones. Debido a la alta demanda de profesionales en diversos campos especializados como medicina, ingenieria, y biotecnologia en la economia mucha personas optan por mudarse a otras partes del mundo en busca de oportunidades. El libre traffico de capital humana le conviene a todas las naciones debido a que todos los paises tiene deficit en talento y diversas concentraciones

Credibility and Uses of Psychological Experimental Evidence

Credibility and Uses of Psychological Experimental Evidence Abstract Experimental psychology is the aspect of psychological science that explores the human mind and its perceptions and behaviors through experimental methodologies and subsequent interpretation of the obtained results. Again, â€Å"evidence-based practice in psychology is the integration of the best available research with clinical expertise in the context of patient characteristics, culture, and preferences† (American Psychologist, 2006). This definition is in line with the one advocated by the Institute of Medicine (2001) that says, â€Å"Evidence-based practice is the integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values† (Sackett, Straus, Richardson, Rosenberg, Haynes, 2000, p. 147). Experimental psychological research makes use of controlled conditions in experiments to conclude about the validity of a hypothesis and evidence-based practice in psychology constitutes a large part of it. This essay attempts to discuss the various experimental evidences used in psychology and form an opinion on the usefulness and credibility of those evidences. How Good is Psychological Experimental Evidence Evidences from experimental psychology are of interest to researchers working on human behavior, brain mechanics, neurology, and so on; regardless of where these are performed either within the laboratory or outside of it, human beings form the major part of the experiment. The primary goals of experimental psychological research are to be most cost effective, improve quality and increase accountability. However, the psychological community—including both scientists and practitioners—is concerned that evidence-based practice initiatives not be misused as a justification for inappropriately restricting access to care and choice of treatments (American Psychologist, 2006). Experimental psychology and its psychological approaches broadly deal with psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and cognitive psychology. Since psychoanalysis explores the mind and explains its behavior, it is of prime importance; that said, it has been argued that psychoanalysis is overrated, as it is only able to explain the behavior after it has occurred and not make any helpful advance predictions. Behaviorism explains a wide range of behaviors from language usage to moral values using the principles of behavior shaping, generalization, reinforcement etc. Behaviorists were able to come up with moderately consistent predictions but absolute predictions for individuals was not possible. Cognitive psychology, on the other hand, follows a very scientific approach to explain primarily non-discernable mental processes through experiments and models. The empirical approach to psychology is questioned by the advocates of the humanistic approach who lay emphasis on individual conscious experience and disregard experimental evidence. They stress on subjective perception and understanding rather than objective reality. The argument put forward by the humanists says that human behavior is the sum of one’s feelings and aura, and is shaped by the perception and understanding of one’s environment. Thus, humanists contend the experimentalists on the premise that a perspective of the whole person is important to settle on any outcome; one should look through the ‘observer’ lens as well as the ‘observed’ lens. The humanists are advocates of free will and reject determinism; they do not support scientific approach and are not concerned with predictions and control over human behavior. The right of the individual to control and dissect one’s own behavior is endorsed by humanists. In ‘Psychology as a Means of Promoting Human Welfare’, Miller criticizes the controlling view of psychology, suggesting that â€Å"understanding should be the main goal of the subject as a science, as he asks, who will do the controlling and whose interests will be served by it? â€Å" (Miller, 1969). Psychological experimental evidence can be valid in evidence based practice as it gives a data point on the theories that are being explored. It is about integrating individual clinical expertise and the best external evidence (Sackett, Straus, Richardson, Rosenberg, Haynes, 1996). Thus the external evidence provided by scientific approach like statistical methods is helpful in making deductions that in turn assist in forming the foundation for evidence based medicine. An experiment by Cathy Faulkner, to substantiate the use of confidence intervals for estimation is a case in point. In her study, she â€Å"asked a group of leading clinical researchers to think of a clinical trial that they have designed and then to think of the most central question in the trial. 81% of the respondents thought that it was – is there an effect? Then she asked them to rate the importance of three possible questions: 1) is there an effect? (2) How large is the effect, and (3) how clinically imp ortant is the effect? Given those prompts her expert respondents rated all three as highly important. In other words, their first response was influenced by their automatic dichotomous thinking but when prompted they immediately recognized that a trial psychological therapy is only useful if it tells us how large an effect the therapy is likely to give and how clinically important that is. So, estimation, meaning confidence intervals, is what we need for fullest information about the size of an effect and the best basis for assessing its clinical importance† (Cumming, 2012). The value of experimental evidence lies in the fact that it is able to provide a basis for future research and enable replication of the same, wherein a number of psychologists, after skillful experimentation would come up with similar answers. For example, in experiments on effects of drug habits, the experimental results would almost always validate stress as a consequence of drug abuse. Thus by replication of results and consequent corroboration of facts, a theory is likely to gain acceptance. Nonetheless, the limitations of the empirical approach following a specific scientific methodology are many: Since psychology deals mostly with humans, and no two human conditions can be the same, the results are never absolute. Moreover, human behavior changes with time and so would the results of experiments. In establishing causes for incidents, psychologists take the deterministic view and discount the peripheral variables that influence human behavior and ones they have no control over. Also the range of paradigms in psychology makes it difficult to advocate a universal law for any occurrence/observation. Again, since most of the parameters are unobservable, like memory, and some immeasurable, testability becomes an issue in such experiments. â€Å"Whenever psychologists involved in research or practice move from observations to inferences and generalizations, there are inherent risks of idiosyncratic interpretations, overgeneralizations, confirmatory biases, and similar errors in judgment† (Dawes, Faust, Meehl, 2002). Objectivity is almost impossible in some cases. Thus, integral to use of psychological experimental evidence and â€Å"clinical expertise is an awareness of the limits of one’s knowledge and skills and attention to the heuristics and biases— both cognitive and affective—that can affect clinical judgment† (American Psychologist, 2006). Judgmental errors and volatility of psychological experimentation is exhibited clearly in the 1971 Stanford prison experiment led by researcher Phillip Zimbardo, held in the basement of the psychology building at Stanford University. The objective of this experiment was to test a hypothesis on prison behavior, how captivity influences and changes an individual’s response and behavior. Zimbardo and his team wanted to find out if the cause of abusive behavior in prisons was the inherent personality traits of the prison officials. The participants of the prison simulation experiment, including Zimbardo himself got so engrossed in the characters they were playing (after sessions of de-individualization, disorientation and de-personalization) that it turned dangerous for the them and they were forced to stop it after 6 days. However, it was concluded that the situation is the biggest influence on a person’s behavior rather than the individual’s character. The Stanford prison experiment was an eye opener for ethical issues regarding psychological experiments using living subjects. It led to creation of better safeguards for the participants and meticulous scrutiny before embarking on experiments. It became imperative to demonstrate the necessity of the experiment and show how it would contribute to the advancement of psychology, and also provide clear option of opting out of the set up if it gets uncomfortable for the subject. Concerns on informed consent have also been dealt with to uphold the safety and health of subjects. Several other pioneering experiments like Stanley Milgram’s Obedience to authority experiment in 1974, Ivan Pavlov’s classical Conditioning experiment way back in 1903, Henry Harlow’s Emotional Attachment in rhesus monkeys have employed living subjects; the answerability thus automatically escalates when using such participants. In conclusion, it is clear that psychological experimental evidence plays an integral part in the progress of psychology; however, the researcher needs to strike a balance and critically decide on the need for empirical approach in preference to humanistic approach. Studies designed to investigate the credibility of psychological theories and explain certain behavior patterns by isolating situational controls using living subjects (human or animal) need to be handled with utmost care and precaution. The researcher should be in a position to adequately address any ethical issues that might arise out of the experimental set up. It is to be borne in mind that humans are prone to error and judgment might be prejudiced in some cases; it is important to be prepared for these contingencies. To tackle the concerns from humanists and warrant the use of experimental evidence, Slife and Williams (1995)have suggested: †¢ We need to try at least to strive for scientific methods because we need a rigorous discipline. If we abandon our search for unified methods, well lose a sense of what psychology is. †¢ We need to keep trying to develop scientific methods that are suitable to studying human behavior it may be that the methods adopted by the natural sciences are not appropriate for us. References American Psychologist, Vol 61(4), May-Jun 2006, 271-285. Cumming, G. (2012, June). Australian Psychological Society. Retrieved December 4, 2014, from http://www.psychology.org.au/inpsych/2012/june/cumming/ Dawes, R. M., Faust, D., Meehl, P. E. (2002). Clinical versus actuarial judgment. In T. Gilovich D. Griffin (Eds.), Heuristics and biases: The psychology of intuitive judgment (pp. 716 –729). New York: Cambridge University Press. Institute of Medicine. (2001).Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Miller, George A. Psychology as a means of promoting human welfare. American Psychologist, Vol 24(12), Dec 1969, 1063-1075. Sackett, D. L., Straus, S. E., Richardson, W. S., Rosenberg, W., Haynes, R. B. (2000). Evidence based medicine: How to practice and teach EBM (2nd ed.). London: Churchill Livingstone. Sackett, D. L., Rosenberg, W. M., Gray, J. A., Haynes, R. B., Richardson, W. S. (1996). Evidence based medicine: What it is and what it isn’t. British Medical Journal, 312, 71–72.

Jesus Christ: The Importance of his Miracles Essay examples -- Religio

Jesus Christ: The Importance of his Miracles Throughout history many people have given messages. They were trying to make people consider the messages. They would say that they would do something with out actually backing it up, or they would say they are someone with out proof. Jesus had made many messages that said that he was â€Å"the messiah†, the son of god. The performance of miracles had strengthened Jesus’ message. Because Jesus had done miracles to back up his message, people actually believed he was the messiah, Son of God. Many people believe Jesus actually performed miracles but some people believe he did not. In the book by Washington F. Jarvis (p 65) it defines miracle as â€Å"an occurrence which we cannot explain in terms of our present knowledge and understanding of how things work in the world around us.† Many people believe that Jesus did perform the miracles but few still believe they were phony. In the book by Washington F. Jarvis (p 65) it states that â€Å"many dispute this portrait of Jesus; many deny the possibility of miracles and find the gospel miracle stories embarrassing fairy tales.† There were people who were not too confident that Jesus actually performed the miracles. Many people also thought that Jesus was a troublemaker, if in fact he was the messiah, the son of god. In the book by Washington F. Jarvis (p 66) it says that â€Å"because Jesus broke the law by healing on the Sabbath, and because he attracted many adherents, he came to be regarded by the establishment as a dangerous trouble maker.† Many people thought if he could heal people he should know when to do it or when not to do it. They believed that he could perform miracles but that he was a trouble make or that he was working for the devil or something evil. Many people did think he could heal people. In the book by Washington F. Jarvis (p 65) it says that â€Å"but the gospels portray Jesus as a miracle- worker and credit him with the power to heal sickness and to alter the natural order.† Even though people could see that he could heal people, some still wanted to deny that he was a miracle worker. People knew that he was a miracle worker in the book by Washington F. Jarvis (p 66) it says that â€Å"when we read the gospels accounts, what strikes us the most is the fact that no one in Jesus’ time, friend or enemy, ever indicated the slightest doubt that Jesus did miracles.... ... his fingers in to his ears, spat and touched his tongue. He looked up to the heaven and said ephphatha, ‘be opened’ in Aramaic, and the man was cured (mark7: 31-7). Jesus also performed another miracle with a blind man. In the book by E. P. Sanders (p 145) it says â€Å"in Bethsaida a blind man was brought to him. He took him outside the village, spat on his eyes, and laid his hands on him. The man’s sight was partially restored: he could see people, but they looked ‘like trees walking’ Jesus again put his hands over his eyes, and his sight was restored (mark 8:22-6). In conclusion Jesus could perform miracles and the way he did them strengthened his message. The performance of miracles did strengthen his message because of the witnesses that had seen him. Even though there were many doubts about Jesus there were also people who knew he was working for God. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Jarvis, Washington F. And still is ours today the story of Jesus New York: The Sea Bury press1980 2. Porter, Roy J. Jesus Christ the Jesus of history, the Christ of faith England, London: Duncan Baird publishers ltd 1999 3. Sanders, E. P. The historical figure of Jesus England: The Penguin group 1993